Mamie Till Bradley, Till’s mother, held an open casket funeral in Chicago so mourners could see how her son had been mutilated. While Bryant and Milam were arrested for the murder, the all-white Mississippi jury took just over an hour to acquit the two.
Bryant and Milam kidnapped Till, and then brutally beat, mutilated and shot him before dropping him in the Tallahatchie River. Milam made plans to teach the boy a lesson. A few days later, after Roy Bryant, the store owner, returned to town and learned of the event, Bryant and his half-brother J.W. While at the store, Till allegedly whistled at a white grocery store owner’s wife. He and several other boys stopped at a local grocery store for some candy after a long day of picking cotton. In August 1955, Emmett Till, a fourteen year-old from Chicago, visited relatives in Mississippi.as migrant workers in farms throughout California and the Southwest. The bracero program, which began in 1942 and officially ended in 1964, allowed them temporary entry into the U.S. For Mexican Americans, opportunities for employment were largely limited to guest worker programs. Although Japanese Americans were able to buy property, much of their wealth was confiscated during World War II when they were forced into internment camps. Since Chinese Americans were effectively denied citizenship until the 1950s, their access to jobs was limited, and they were prohibited by law from owning property. In the South, many blacks were victims of exploitative tenant-sharecropper systems that kept them in perpetual debt. African Americans lost their homes through foreclosures during the 1930s and 40s, many of them victims of fraud and deception. In the U.S., blacks, Mexicans, Chinese and Japanese immigrants were targets of discrimination policies and practices that harm and disadvantage a group and its members. This policy endorsed redlining and discrimination in sales, financing and homeowners insurance, is reflected in the unequal rates of home ownership even today. One of the most important factors that contributed to the wealth gap was the federal housing policy. The legacy of post-war economic discrimination contributed to the wealth gap between whites and non-whites that we see today. The experience of fighting for freedom in Europe and then returning to a country where discrimination and opportunities were limited fostered discontent for returning black Gs. The Federal Housing Administration, which instituted policies that reinforced patterns of segregation, routinely denied low-interest loans to non-whites. led to conflicts over discrimination in housing, jobs and education. The economic demands of the post-war boom and the burgeoning Civil Rights movement Legal and other efforts led by African Americans against racism and segregation and for the. Returning World War II veterans spurred a population and housing boom driven in part by benefits from the Gl bill. The Levittowns became the model for real estate developers across the country and helped establish a pattern of racial discrimination policies and practices that harm and disadvantage a group and its members. Similar developments for whites only were built in Pennsylvania and New Jersey between 19. Built as affordable housing for World War I| veterans and their families, the first Levittown was built in suburban Long Island, New York. Levitt developed single-family, tract housing using federal funds. National Archives and Records Administration, William Thomas, 1950
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